Introduction, JEANETTE BEER The European Psalms in Translation, JANE TOSWELL The Old French Bible, CLIVE SNEDDON Bible Translation in England, HENRY ANSGAR KELLY Middle English Religious Translation, IAN JOHNSON Medieval Convent Drama: Translating and Transforming the Liturgy , MATTHEW CHEUNG-SALISBURY, ELISABETH DUTTON, OLIVIA ROBINSON Translating Romance in Medieval Norway: Marie de France and the Strengleikar, ERIN GOERES Christine de Pizan, Translator and Translation Critic, JEANETTE PATTERSON Translation, Authority, and the Valorization of the Vernacular, THOMAS G. HINTON Vernacular Translation in Medieval Italy: volgarizzamento, ALISON CORNISH Dante and Translation, CHRISTOPHER KLEINHENZ Chaucer and Translation, MARILYN CORRIE Alchemy and Translation, EOIN BENTICK Scientific Translation: A Modern Editor’s Perspective, ANTHONY HUNT Modern Theoretical Approaches to Medieval Translation, MICHELLE WARREN Theoretical Observations on Translation from a Paris Maître: Li Fet des Romains, JEANETTE BEER Epilogue Theoretical Observations on Translation from the Oxford Professor of Poetry, SIMON ARMITAGE Additional Bibliography Appendix Index of Proper Names Index of Works